Spatio-Temporal Evolution of the Yellowstone Deformation (1992-2009)
The InSAR interferograms show four major episodes of caldera subsidence and uplift: 1992-1995, 1996-2000, 2000-2004, and 2004-2009. The Yellowstone caldera floor subsided at varying rates (0.7-3 cm/yr) during 1992-2004 and experienced rapid uplift (3-9 cm/yr) during 2004-2009. There were no differential displacements associated with any fault zone across the Yellowstone caldera during 1992-2009. However, the association of fault zones with the deformation patterns across the caldera indicates the faults likely formed during similar episodic inflation and deflation in the past. Therefore, magmatic processes underneath the active Yellowstone caldera are thought to be the main source of crustal deformation. The red dots indicate seismicity in each interferogram time period, and the solid white lines represent the Quaternary faults.